由加拿大公民担保来加拿大的配偶，将不会再受限于同居两年才能获得加拿大永久居民身份的规定。 根据上届联邦保守党政府的规定，任何人士申请外籍配偶来加拿大，如果他们没有孩子，双方必须最少同居 2 年，该外籍配偶才可保留永久居民身分。否则，其永久居民身份将被撤销，并必须离开加拿大。相关的“有条件永久居留”政策（conditional permanent residence）在联邦保守党 2012 年执政期间生效，旨在打击假结婚移民。有舆论批评，政策导致弱势移民被困于受虐关系之中，女性首当其冲。
根据联邦政府数字显示，2013 至 2015 年间，有 58218 人在相关居留条件下入境加国。
虽然申请家庭团聚而来加的外籍配偶，可在加拿大籍配偶离世，或遭受加拿大籍配偶或其亲戚虐待的情况下，提出豁免 2 年强制同居申请。在该法律生效 3 年后，307 位外籍配偶因虐待或忽视，提出和他们的加拿大担保人的豁免两年同居的申请要求。这些四分之三的申请人来自女性。其中260案件已经进行判决，79％获得批准。联邦政府相信，有部分人士或仍然处于受虐关系而没有申报，因此有撤销政策的必要。
自由党政府 10 月 28 号发布通告，2017 年将取消相关规定，以防弱势移民持续遭遇家暴，但为了保住永久居民身分而不敢分居。声明指出：“撤销有条件永久居民身份政策，是确认大部分申请个案中的婚姻关系均出于真诚。”
政府表示，因为有其他措施足以发现欺诈和假婚姻，例如，被担保的配偶必须在获得加拿大永久居民身份后的五年，他们才有资格担保一个新的配偶。此外，担保配偶的移民身份仍然可以在法律规定的“虚假陈述”被撤销，所以可以撤消两年同居要求。
本文禁止住转载。任何形式转载请联系作者（时光在路上 ｗｗｗ．ｔｉｍｅｚｌｓ．ｃｏｍ）。时光在路上保留所有权利
参考英文1：
Liberals announce changes to spousal sponsorship rules
本文禁止住转载。任何形式转载请联系作者（时光在路上 ｗｗｗ．ｔｉｍｅｚｌｓ．ｃｏｍ）。时光在路上保留所有权利
Starting early next year, migrants sponsored by their Canadian spouses won't be required to stay in a relationship for two years in order to keep their permanent resident status in the country.
In a notice published Friday, the Liberal government said it would by the spring repeal the condition introduced by its Tory predecessors to crack down on marriage fraud but criticized by advocates for potentially trapping vulnerable migrants, especially women, in abusive relationships.
“The proposed repeal of conditional permanent residence recognizes that the majority of relationships are genuine, and the majority of applications are made in good faith,” the government said in its plan.
“Eliminating conditional permanent residence would facilitate family reunification, remove the potential increased vulnerability faced by abused and neglected spouses and partners, and support the government’s commitment to combating gender-based violence.”
The so-called conditional permanent residence came into effect in late 2012 requiring a sponsored spouse to live with their Canadian partner for two years if they have no children together. Otherwise, their permanent resident status would be revoked and they must leave Canada.
本文禁止全文转载。任何形式转载请联系作者（时光在路上 ｗｗｗ．ｔｉｍｅｚｌｓ．ｃｏｍ） Copyright © 2024. All Rights Reserved
According to the government, 58,218 spouses and partners along with their children were admitted to Canada as conditional permanent residents from 2013 to 2015.
A sponsored spouse can request an exception to the two-year cohabitation requirement if their Canadian sponsor dies or if they are subject to abuse or neglect by the sponsor or a relative of the sponsor.
本文禁止无授权转载 - 时光在路上 ｗｗｗ．ｔｉｍｅｚｌｓ．ｃｏｍ 保留所有权利
In the three years after the law took effect, 307 foreign spouses requested an exception to the requirement to live with their sponsor due to abuse or neglect. Three quarters of these requests came from women. Out of the 260 cases in which a decision had been made, 79 per cent were granted.
“While the conditional permanent residence provisions contain an exception. . . in cases of abuse or neglect, there is a risk that sponsored spouses and partners could remain in an abusive relationship,” the government said.
“This could be due to a lack of knowledge about the exception, the perceived challenge of applying for and receiving an exception, or the fear of losing their immigration status.”
The government argued the removal of the cohabitation requirement will not compromise the integrity of the system as there are other measures to spot fraud and marriages of convenience.
For instance, sponsored spouses must still wait five years from the day they are granted permanent resident status in Canada before they themselves are eligible to sponsor a new spouse. In addition, the immigration status of a sponsored spouse could still be revoked under the “misrepresentation” provisions of the law.
“The (immigration) department is not able to conclude . . . whether or not conditional permanent residence has had its intended impact of deterring non-genuine sponsorship applications, as it is not possible to measure directly the number of deterred applications,” the government said.
“On balance, the program integrity benefits of conditional permanent residence have not been shown to outweigh the risks to vulnerable sponsored spouses and partners subject to the two-year cohabitation requirement.”
本文禁止全文转载。任何形式转载请联系作者（时光在路上 ｗｗｗ．ｔｉｍｅｚｌｓ．ｃｏｍ） Copyright © 2024. All Rights Reserved
来源：https://www.thestar.com/news/immigration/2016/10/31/liberals-announce-changes-to-spousal-sponsorship-rules.html
